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INTRODUCTION
Noun clause bir cümlede isim gibi iþlev gören cümleciktir. Yani cümlede özne ya da nesne görevinde bulunabilir.
I don't know the answer, (object) noun
I don't know what the answer is. (object) '"
noun clause '
I don't know her address, (object) ^
noun
I don't know where she lives, (object) noun clause
Our discussion was private, (subject) noun
What we talked about was private, (subject) noun clause
Her address is unknown, (subject) ''•"••'
noun
Where she lives is unknown, (subject) noun clause
Noun clause'lan üç ayn grupta inceleyebiliriz:
1. Noun clauses beginning with a question word (what, why, who, when, etc.)
2. Noun clauses beginning with whether or not/if... or not
3. Noun clauses beginning with that
5-1 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH A QUESTION WORD
a) Ýngilizce'deki soru sözcükleri þunlardýr:
who Hem özneyi, hem de nesne durumunda insaný sorar (kim, kimi/kime).
whom Sadece nesne durumunda insaný sorar (kimi/kime).
whose Ýnsanlar ve hayvanlar için kullanýlýr, (kimin)
what Normalde nesneler için kullanýlýr. Ýnsanlar için kullanýmý çok kýsýtlýdýr.
(- / thought Mr Chandler was the school director. What is he then?
- He is the managing director.)
which Hem nesneler hem de insanlar için kullanýlýr. Sýnýrlý bir grup içinden
hangisi olduðunu sorar, (hangisi}
where (nerede)
when (ne zaman)
why (neden)
how (nasýl}
how long Süreç sorar, (ne kadar süreyle/ne zamandan beri)
how often (ne kadar sýklýkla)
how far (ne kadar uzaklýkta/ne kadar mesafede)
how much Bir nesnenin fiyatýný (kaç para), ya da sayýlamaz isimler için miktar
sorar (ne kadar).
how many Sayýlabilir isimler için miktar sorar (kaç tane).
b) Ýngilizce'de soru cümlesi "yardýmcý fiil + özne + yüklem" biçiminde oluþturulur. Düz
cümle ise "özne + yardýmcý fiil + yüklem" düzeniyle kurulur. Soru sözcüðü ile baþlayan
bir soruyu, noun clause biçimine dönüþtürmek için öncelikle o cümleyi soru olmaktan
kurtarmamýz gerekir. Bunun için de soru cümlesi düzenini düz cümle düzenine
dönüþtürmeliyiz.
Question: Why is he coming tomorrow?
Noun clause: Why he is coming tomorrow is a secret.
Question: What time does he start work?
Noun clause: I don't know what time he starts work.
. Question: When did he leave the country?
Noun clause: When he left the country is still unknown.
Question: Where are you going on holiday?
Noun clause: Where we are going on holiday isn't certain yet.
Question: What are you going to buy for him?
Noun clause: I haven't decided yet what I am going to buy for him.
Question: When did you buy that sweater?
Noun clause: I can't remember when / bought this sweater.
Question: What have they done about this case?
Noun clause: I have no idea what they have done about this case.
Eðer bir soru sözcüðü cümlenin öznesini soruyorsa, o soru cümlesinde özne olarak bir baþka sözcük bulunmadýðý için, cümleyi düz cümle biçimine dönüþtüremeyiz. Bu nedenle, soru cümlesi ile noun clause'un sözcük dizimi ayný olur.
Question: Who is coming tomorrow?
Noun Clause: I don't know who is coming tomorrow.
Question: What is happening in that country?
Noun Clause: What is happening in that country doesn't concern me.
Question: Whose daughter has passed the exam?
Noun Clause: I haven't heard whose daughter has passed the exam.
Question: How many students are going to take the university exam?
Noun Clause: I don't know exactly how many students are going to take the
university exam.
Simple Present Tense ve Simple Past Tense ile özneyi sorarken, "do, does" ya da "did" yardýmcý fiilleri kullanýlmaz.
Question: Who comes to the office first?
Noun clause: I don't know who comes to the office first.
Question: Who came to the office first this morning?
Noun clause: I don't know who came to the office first this morning.
Question: Who locks the doors in the evening?
Noun clause: I don't know for sure who locks the doors in the evening.
Question: Who locked the doors yesterday evening?
Noun clause: J don't remember who locked the doors yesterday evening.
Question: What happens here at the weekend?
Noun clause: Please tell me what happens here at the weekend.
Question: What happened here yesterday?
Noun clause: Please tell me what happened here yesterday.

Eðer ayný soru sözcüklerini kullanarak cümlenin nesnesini soruyorsak, "do, does" ya da "did' yardýmcý fiilleri kullanýlýr.
Who visits him every day? ("Who" özneyi soruyor.)
(Onu her gün kim ziyaret ediyor?}
I don't know who visits him every day.
(Onu her gün kimin ziyaret ettiðini bilmiyorum.)
Cümlede nesne durumundaki insaný sorarken "who" yerine "whom" da kullanabiliriz.
Who/whom does he visit every day? ("Who/whom" nesneyi soruyor.)
(O her gün kimi ziyaret ediyor?)
I don't know who/whom he visits every day.
(Onun her gün kimi ziyaret ettiðini bilmiyorum.)
Who visited him yesterday? ('Who" özneyi auruyor.)
(Dün onu kim ziyaret eta?)
I don't know who visited him yesterday.
(Dün onu kimin ziyaret ettiðini bilmiyorum.)
Who/whom did he visit yesterday? ("Who/whom" nesneyi soruyor.)
(O dün kimi ziyaret etti?)
l don't know who/whom he visited yesterday.
(Onun dün kimi ziyaret ettiðini bilmiyorum.)
Who/whom did she go to the party with? ("Who/whom" nesneyi soruyor.) (With whom did she go to the party?) I don't know who/whom she went to the party with, with whom she went to the part


"Who, what, whose" gibi soru sözcükleriyle sorabileceðimiz þu soru tiplerine de dikkat ediniz:
Who are those girls??
verb subject
I don't know who those girls are.
subject verb
Who te that man?
verb subject
I don't know who that man iþ. subject verb
What iþ this substance?
verb subject
Do you know what this substance is?
subject verb
Whose is that car?
verb subject
Do you know whose that car is? subject verb
Whose book iþ this? (OR Whose iþ this book?)
verb subject verb subject
I don't know whose book this iþ. OR
subject verb
I don't know whose this book iþ. subject verb
Soru sözcüðüyle baþlayan bir noun clause oluþturabilmek için, bu sýraladýðýmýz kurallarý dikkate alarak, örneklerde kullandýðýmýz soru sözcüklerinin yaný sýra diðer bütün soru sözcüklerini de kullanabiliriz.

HOW MUCH IT LOOKS /
A butcher in a supermarket was asked by a customer if he had a 15- ^

pound turkey. "I don't think we have one that big on hand right now," he "**/•'
replied. "I could order one for you though."
"Oh, no," the woman said, "I don't want to buy it. I've been on a diet \
and I've lost 15 pounds. I just wanted to see how much that looked like in '''!
one piece." \
: (by James Dent f rom Gazette) ^:,
«^/

5-2 NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH 'WHETHER OR NOT" or "IF...OR NOT"
Yardýmcý fiille baþlayan bir soruyu noun clause'a dönüþtürürken, noun clause'un baþýna "whether" ya da "If' getirilir ve soru cümlesi, düz cümle biçimine çevrilir. "Or not" "whether" dan hemen sonra gelebilir (whether or not) ya da noun clause'un sonunda yer alabilir (whether ... or not). Ancak "or not" "if'den hemen sonra kullanýlmaz. Sadece noun clause'un sonunda yer alabilir (if...or not). Her iki cümlede de "or not" kullanmayabiliriz ve bu durumda anlam deðiþmez.
- Is she coming to the party?
- I wonder whether she is coming to the party or not.
whether or not she is coming to the party. whether she is coming to the party. if she is coming to the party ornot. If she is coming to the party.
(Onun partiye gelip gelmeyeceðini merak ediyorum.


Eðer "noun clause" un baþýnda bir preposition varsa ya da noun clause cümlede özne durumunda ise sadece "whether" kullanýlýr. "If cümle baþýnda ya da preposition'dan sonra kullanýlmaz.
Whether she is coming to the party or not isn't certain yet. Whether or not she is coming to the party isn't certain yet. Whether she is coming to the party isn't certain yet.
(Onun partiye gelip gelmeyeceði henüz belli deðil.)
- Do we have to return our assignments by Monday?
- I don't know whether/if'we have to return our assignments by Monday.
- May I leave early today? *
- I'd like to learn whether/if I may leave early today.
- Can you help me with my English homework?
- I wonder whether/if you can help me with my English homework. ;
- Did she pass the exam?
- I'm curious about whether (or not) she passed the exam.
"Whether or not" kalýbýnýn koþul cümlesinde ve noun clause'da kullanýmý arasýndaki farklýlýklara ve Türkçe'ye çevirisine dikkat ediniz.
1. "Whether or not", koþul cümlesinde yan cümleyi, noun clause'da ise
cümlenin öznesini ya da nesnesini oluþturur. Koþul cümlelerinde "ör not" atýlamaz; "noun clause" larda "or not" kullanmak zorunlu deðildir.
I will go to the theatre whether he comes with me or not. (Conditional) (O gelse de gelmese de, tiyatroya gideceðim.)
l don't know whether he will come to the theatre with me (or not).
(Noun Clause)
(Onun benimle tiyatroya gelip gelmeyeceðini bilmiyorum.)
2. "Whether or not" koþul cümlesinde kullanýldýðý zaman bazý tense kýsýtlamalarý
vardýr: future tense kullanýlmamasý gibi. "Whether or not" noun clause'da kullanýldýðý zaman tense kýsýtlamasý yoktur.
She would support him whether he were (was) right or not. (conditional) I don't know whether he was right (or not).
(noun clause: "he" den sonra "were" kullanýlmaz.)
The result will be the same whether we attend tomorrow's meeting or not.
(conditional: "whether" m baðlý bulunduðu cümlede future tense
kullanamayýz.)
(Yarýnki toplantýya katilsak da katýlmasak da sonuç ayný olacak.)
I haven't decided yet whether I will attend tomorrow's meeting (or not.)
(noun clause)
(Yarýnki toplantýya katihp katýlmayacaðýma henüz karar vermedim.)


NOUN CLAUSES BEGINNING WITH "THAT"
Düz cümleleri noun clause biçiminde kullanýrken, noun clause'un baþýna "that" getirilir. Eðer noun clause cümlede nesne durumundaysa, "that" kullanmayabiliriz.
Statement: She doesn't like pop music.
Noun clause: We know that she doesn't like pop music. We know she doesn't like pop music.
(Onun pop müziðini sevmediðini biliyoruz.)
Statement: He is the best of all.
Noun clause: I'm sure that he is the best of all. I'm sure he is the best of all.
Eðer noun clause cümlede özne durumundaysa, noun clause'un baþýndaki "that" kaldýrýlamaz.
Statement: He committed the crime. Noun clause: That he committed the crime is obvious. (Suçu onun iþlediði açýk.)
Statement: He can't win the election.
Noun clause: That he can't win the election is known.
(Onun seçimleri kazanamayacaðý biliniyor.)